在国家就地过年政策的作用下，今年铁路春运客流总体大幅下降。

　　The number of railway passenger trips took a nosedive in the first three days of the Spring Festival travel season amid stringent epidemic control measures, data from the national railway operator showed Sunday.

　　国铁集团1月31日发布的数据显示，在严格的疫情防控措施背景下，今年春运前三天铁路客流明显下降。

　　单词讲解：

　　这里的nosedive是很形象的一个词，从字面意思可以理解为"鼻子朝下跳水"，字典里一般解释为"俯冲"，并由此延伸出"骤降，急剧下跌"等意思，用作动词或名词都可以，比如：Stock prices took a nosedive（股价暴跌）；Profits nosedived in the last quarter（后一个季度，利润暴跌）；The plane went into a nosedive without warning（飞机毫无预兆地来了个俯冲）。

　　Passengers made 2.96 million railway trips on Saturday, while a total of 3.08 million and 2.83 million trips were registered on Thursday and Friday, respectively, according to the China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (China Railway).

　　国铁集团表示，1月28日、29日和30日，春运前三天，全国铁路发送旅客分别为308万、283万和296万人次。

　　The company said on Sunday, the fourth day of the travel rush, 2.9 million passenger trips were expected to be made, a year-on-year decrease of 75 percent.

　　1月31日，春运进入第四天，全国铁路预计发送旅客290万人次，同比下降75%。

　　单词讲解：

　　在一些统计类的报道中，我们经常会看到"环比"、"同比"这样的表述，这两种比较方式的区别在于：环比，就是跟上一个周期比；同比，就是跟去年同期比。如果用今年1月的数据跟去年1月的数据相比就是"同比"，英文用形容词year-on-year或者副词短语year on year表示，上文中的a year-on-year decrease of 75 percent也可以改为decrease 75 percent year on year；而1月的铁路客流量与12月的相比，就是"环比"，可以用形容词形式month-on-month或者副词形式的month on month来表示，比如：the number of passenger trips saw a month-on-month increase of 30 percent in January。

　　In light of sporadic resurgence of COVID-19 cases and measures to reduce people's movement, the group previously lowered its estimate of railway passenger trips from 407 million to 296 million for the travel peak.

　　鉴于新冠肺炎疫情散发以及各地实行减少人员流动的各项措施，国铁集团已将春运期间预计发送的旅客数量由此前的4.07亿人次降低为2.96亿人次。

　　一证通行、无接触服务保障春运安全

　　Electronic tickets are used in most railway stations across the country, and passengers can check in with their ID cards or through facial recognition.

　　全国大部分火车站均可使用电子车票，乘客可使用身份证或刷脸进站乘车。

　　Passengers are urged to practice social distancing at the waiting halls.

　　在候车大厅，督促乘客保持安全距离。

　　Online food ordering service is also available so that passengers can get their deliveries at their boarding stations.

　　旅客可以通过在线订餐服务下单，然后在始发站取餐。

　　相关词汇：

　　春运 Spring Festival travel rush

　　就地过年 stay local for the Spring Festival

　　常态化疫情防控 regular epidemic prevention and control

　　健康码 health code

　　健康监测 health monitoring

　　参考来源：新华网、中国日报

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