“阅读七选五”是让许多学生脑壳疼的一类题型。同学们在做题时经常遇到逻辑理不清，一错错一片，时间不够用等问题。其实七选五是有解题技巧的，只要掌握了方法，拿到满分不是梦哦。

　　七选五主要考查同学们对文章的整体内容结构以及上下文衔接的掌握。代词是语篇衔接的重要手段，今天就给大家讲解运用“指代”策略秒杀七选五的方法。

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　　一、 第三人称代词，物主代词(it, he, she, they, its, his, her, their)

　　前文出现过的人或物，再次提到时，为了避免重复，往往会用人称代词或物主代词指代。我们在做题过程中要特别关注空后句子中是否有代词，可以利用指代关系以及代词单复数形式的差异快速锁定答案。

　　我们一起来看下面这道题目：

　　(2020浙江模拟) ________They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about…

　　A. ln general, the person feels excited and ready to act.

　　B. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.

　　C. Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it.

　　D. Anger may cause you a cancer.

　　E. Do not express your anger while angry.

　　F. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.

　　G. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.

　　根据设空处后面的句子“They say the first step is…”中的代词they，判断出设空处句子中一定含有复数名词，观察选项，只有G选项中有doctors，故本题选G。是不是很简单？

　　当然，有时我们也会遇到空后句子中含有第一人称或第二人称代词的情况，比如下面这两种：

　　(4) ________ I couldn’t imagine how I would write articles like this if I didn’t actively aim to expand my vocabulary.

　　(5) ________ Over time, you will find that you have reduced your worry because these anxieties aren’t draining your mental strength all day.

　　这种情况下我们是无法根据代词的指代关系来锁定答案的，因为第一人称是作者在写作过程中叙述自己的经历或想法，第二人称是便于对话和呼吁，拉近和读者之间的距离，均与前文无指代关系。所以我们只需关注空后句子中的第三人称代词。

　　除此之外，还应关注含有第三人称代词的选项，看选项中的代词是否指代空前句中的单数名词或复数名词，将选项带入空格处，与上下文衔接紧密的即为正确选项。

　　我们一起来看下面这道题目：

　　(2015全国II) Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. (1) ________, buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. (2) ________. As always, you should stretch (伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

　　During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. (3) ________, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. (4) ________. After two weeks, start timing yourself. (5) ________. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

　　A. After six days

　　B. For a good marathon runner

　　C. Before you begin your training

　　D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile

　　E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them

　　F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

　　G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

　　观察选项，这道题选项E中含有第三人称代词they和them，所以寻找空前含有复数名词的句子。第一空和第三空后有逗号，为半句话，所以不考虑。第二空和第五空前有复数名词，分别为shoes和two weeks，显然选项E中代词they指代shoes更合适，故本题第二个空选E。

　　二、指示代词

　　指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式，与人称代词类似，具有指定的含义，用来指代前文出现过的人或物。我们要关注空后句子中是否含有指示代词，若有，则可根据指代关系快速解题。

　　我们一起来看下面这道题目：

　　(2019全国I) Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). ________ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.

　　A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.

　　B. So what are you waiting for?

　　C. Being in nature refreshes us.

　　D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.

　　E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?

　　F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.

　　G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.

　　根据设空处后面的句子“In these places patients can go to be near nature…”中的these places，判断出设空处句子中一定有地点名称。观察选项，只有选项G中含有地点名称，these places指代Healing Gardens，故本题选G。

　　除此之外，还要关注含有指示代词的选项，看选项中的指示代词是否指代前文中的内容，将选项带入空格处，与上下文衔接紧密的即为正确选项。

　　我们一起来看下面这道题目：

　　(2020吉林联考) The history of writing instruments, with which humans have recorded and conveyed thoughts and feelings, is the history of civilization itself. This is how we know about our ancestors and their life.

　　The handy sharpened-stone was adapted into the first writing instrument. Around 24,000 BC, the cave man started drawing pictures with the stone onto the walls of his cave. (1) ________ Walls at the Apollo site in Namibia are believed to be the oldest rock paintings to date.

　　Before paper came along, people used clay or wax tablets on which they wrote with sharp objects such as metal sticks or bones. Around 6000 years ago, the Egyptians invented the first paper-like material called papyrus (纸莎草材料). The word “paper” actually comes from the word “papyrus”.

　　(2) ________ Bones or metal sticks were no longer useful as the papyrus could not be scratched. So the Egyptians created a reed-pen perfect for the papyrus. (3) ________ And thus, ancient Egyptians transformed bamboo stems (茎) into an early form of a fountain pen.

　　Another writing instrument that remained active in history for a long period was the quill (鹅毛) pen. Introduced around 700 AD, the quill was a pen made from a bird feather. Goose feathers were most common. (4) ________ For making fine line drawings, crow feathers were the best.

　　When writers had better inks and paper and handwriting had developed into both an art form and an everyday occurrence, man’s inventive nature once again turned to improving the writing instrument. (5) ________

　　A. Now something was needed to write upon the papyrus.

　　B. The papyrus became the most popular material at that time.

　　C. Swan feathers were of a high quality, being rare and most expensive.

　　D. Bamboo stems were better and much more expensive than goose feathers.

　　E. This led to the development of the modern fountain pen in the 19th century.

　　F. These were mostly the stems of grasses, especially from the bamboo plant.

　　G. These drawings showed events in daily life like the planting of crops or hunting victories.

　　观察选项，含有指示代词的选项有E，F和G，以G选项为例进行分析。G选项中，由these drawings可得出空前一定含有与drawings相关的词语，纵观全文，第一个空空前有drawing pictures，将G选项带入原文，上下文逻辑衔接紧密，故第一空选G。

　　三、the + n. 指代

　　除了上述两种指代关系，另一种比较常见的就是定冠词the + n.。我们都知道，定冠词用在名词的前面，用以复述上文提过的人或事物，表示特指。通过定冠词的特指，我们可以得出空前的句子中一定出现过这个名词，据此来解题。

　　我们一起来看下面这道题目：

　　(2019浙江) Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ________ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.

　　A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.

　　B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.

　　C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.

　　D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.

　　E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.

　　F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night (1964) and Help! (1965).

　　G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio.

　　根据设空处后面的句子“The concert was broadcast live…”中的the concert，判断出前面一定提到过concert，再次提到才用定冠词，故本题选G。

　　运用“指代”策略秒杀七选五的方法我们介绍的差不多了，下面是三道练习题，大家趁热打铁，赶紧练练手吧！

　　1. (2020浙江联考) After enduring for half a year, I told my parents I wanted to change to a Chinese host family, so that there would be less incompatible living habits. ________ He thought living in a Chinese host family overseas was no different from studying in China.

　　A. Another thing was about housing.

　　B. Luckily, my parents were of timely help.

　　C. But sometimes I did feel like fish out of water.

　　D. Therefore, we have to force ourselves to mature quickly.

　　E. From then on, I learned to communicate more with them.

　　F. Instead, sometimes I felt as comfortable there as at home.

　　G. However, my proposal was strongly rejected by my father.

　　2. (2020浙江) ________ On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.

　　A. We use water indirectly too.

　　B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.

　　C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.

　　D. If children walk many hours a day to get water, they can’t go to school.

　　E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink?

　　F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.

　　G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.

　　3. (2017北京)Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. ________ The synapses (突触) in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 percent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons (神经元) weaken while sleeping.

　　A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

　　B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

　　C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

　　D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

　　E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

　　F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

　　G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

　　答案：1. G   2. F   3. G

　　好啦，今天的七选五秒杀技巧就介绍到这里，希望大家可以在平时做题过程中用到我们的方法，多加练习，相信不久的将来，你也能轻松秒杀七选五，加油啦！

（责任编辑：李继伟）