从本周开始，我们会陆续给各位同学带来一些关于各题型解题技巧的文章，帮助大家更快更好地解题。今天，老师会教大家运用“句式结构”秒杀七选五的方法，我们一起来看一下。

　　1、观察段首句的结构特点

　　有时，段首句具有明显的结构特征，多为以动词开头的祈使句。我们在做题前要多多观察其他段首句的结构特点，若均为祈使句，那么该段首设空处也为祈使句，这样就缩小了我们的选择范围。段首句通常为本段的主题句，所以根据这一段内容即可选出正确答案。

　　我们一起来看下面这道题目：

　　(2017全国III)

　　【2】● (2) ________ In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or room-mates about the change you want to make.

　　【3】● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, …

　　【4】● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, …

　　A. Get a sleep specialist.

　　B. Find the right motivation.

　　C. A better plan for sleep can help.

　　D. And consider setting a second alarm.

　　E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.

　　F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.

　　G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.

　　空格位于段首，观察其他段首句的结构特点，均为祈使句，所以答案锁定在A B F G四个祈使句中，这样我们就快速排除了3个选项。然后再根据第二段的内容“作者建议读者要弄清自己做出改变的原因”，选项B中的motivation是reason的近义词，所以本题选B。

　　2、观察标点符号

　　有时候，原文设空处并不是完整的句子，而是含有逗号的半句话，且空后没有连词，那么设空处可能填从句，也可能填介词短语。我们可以根据题目的这个特点，将完整的句子排除在外，缩小选择范围，再根据句意选择合适的选项即可。

　　我们一起来看下面这道题目：

　　（2018全国I）Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? (1) ________, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.

　　A. While all of them are useful

　　B. Whatever you’re looking for

　　C. If you’re experimenting with a color

　　D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with

　　E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces

　　F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time

　　G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

　　这道题中，我们可以看到第一空后面有一个逗号，故答案锁定在A B两个从句中，“七选一“就变成了“二选一“。然后空前用三个问句，问读者想要一个怎样的房间，所以设空处应该给出回答，B项符合语境，“无论你寻找什么样的房间，要想让房间给你想要的感觉，颜色是关键“。且look for为原词再现。故选B。

　　课后练习

　　#01

　　●Hit the streets with confidence. As you approach people, …

　　●Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don't get discouraged.

　　● (4) ________ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won't be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.

　　A. Limit your time.

　　B. As you approach people, be polite.

　　C. If you don't own a camera, you can buy one.

　　D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.

　　E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.

　　F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.

　　G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.

　　【补充练习1 解析】空格位于段首，观察其他段段首句的结构特点，均为祈使句，选项中，只有A为祈使句，故可快速锁定答案。如果不放心的话，可以读一下本段的内容，看“Limit your time”是否为本段的主题句。本段主要讲“每次采访的时间不要超过10分钟，得到想要的答案后就快速采访下一个人”，所以选A是没有问题的。

　　#02

　　(2) ________ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.

　　Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ________ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.

　　A. That's what they are for.

　　B. Turn to an online instructor for help.

　　C. If more information is needed, they will ask.

　　D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.

　　E. Below are some common do’s and don’ ts for online learners.

　　F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.

　　G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.

　　【补充练习2 解析】第一空的位置在段首，观察下一段段首句的结构特点，为祈使句，所以答案锁定在B D G三个祈使句中。第一段在讲“什么样的问题是受欢迎的以及提问前需要做什么“，G项意为“提出问题，但要确保这些问题是好的，经过深思熟虑的。“ 符合语境，故选G。

　　#03

　　When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. (4) ________, it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.

　　A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no

　　B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work

　　C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes

　　D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area

　　E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available

　　F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you

　　G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not

　　【补充练习3 解析】这道题中，我们可以看到这一空后面有一个逗号，所以答案锁定在B D两个从句之中。上文指出，你需要和别人谈话时，不要在你自己的办公室。D项意为“你如果在对方的办公室或公共区域“，此选项涉及地点，是符合语境的。故选D。

（责任编辑：李继伟）