关于国药集团中国生物新冠疫苗Ⅲ期临床试验中期分析结果的论文5月26日正式发表在《美国医学会杂志》上。

　　The inactivated vaccine, developed by a Beijing unit of Sinopharm's China National Biotech Group, has 78.1 percent efficacy against symptomatic cases of COVID-19, while the vaccine made by the group's unit in Wuhan, Hubei province, has 72.8 percent efficacy, according to the study results.

　　研究显示，中国生物旗下北京生物制品研究所的新冠灭活疫苗有效性为78.1%，武汉生物制品研究所的新冠灭活疫苗有效性为72.8%。

　　知识点：

　　疫情发生以来，国务院联防联控机制科研攻关组专门设立疫苗研发专班，按照灭活疫苗（inactivated vaccines）、重组蛋白疫苗（recombinant protein vaccines）、腺病毒载体疫苗（adenovirus vector vaccines）、减毒流感病毒载体活疫苗（vaccines using attenuated influenza virus as vectors）、核酸疫苗（nucleic acid vaccines）5条技术路线共布局12项研发任务。

　　The study marks the first time a domestic COVID-19 vaccine maker had released third-stage trial data in a peer-reviewed international journal and the world's first published phase-3 study results of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines.

　　这是国产新冠疫苗首次在同行评议的国际期刊上发布疫苗Ⅲ期试验数据，也是全球首个正式发表的新冠灭活疫苗Ⅲ期临床试验结果。

　　试验中期分析结果

　　The trial was initiated in mid-July and involved more than 40,400 people in the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain aged 18 and above without known history of COVID-19. It was conducted in a randomized, double-blind method.

　　试验自2020年7月中旬开始，来自阿联酋和巴林的40400多名18岁以上且没有已知新冠肺炎患病史的受试者参与。试验采用双盲随机方式进行。

　　About one-third of participants in the trial were given the vaccine from the Beijing unit, one-third from the Wuhan unit and the remainder were given a placebo.

　　三分之一受试者接种北京生物的疫苗，三分之一接种武汉生物的疫苗，剩余的三分之一接种安慰剂。

　　词汇讲解：

　　在药物试验中，placebo是一个常用词，是没有任何效力的“安慰剂”，通常用来与药物组做对照。在一些心理疾病的治疗中，医生有时候也会给病人一些类似安慰剂的药物，已达到心理上的安抚作用，由此产生的效力就叫placebo effect（安慰剂效应）。在日常生活中，一些没有实际作用、但是能起到安抚作用的做法、政策也可以用placebo来表示，比如：None of those placebos has reduced unemployment, but they have successfully held wages down.（这些安慰政策并没有降低失业率，但成功地维持了工资低水平）。

　　Interim analysis of the trial shows that treatment of adults with either of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines "significantly reduced the risk of symptomatic COVID-19", the study said.

　　试验中期分析结果显示，两种新冠灭活疫苗均能在成年人身上“显著降低新冠肺炎发病风险”。

　　Both vaccines also demonstrate a good safety record, as the rates of adverse reaction within seven days after an injection were roughly the same among the three groups.

　　两种疫苗也都表现出了良好的安全性，三组受试者在接种后7天内出现的不良反应比例基本相当。

　　The most common adverse symptoms were pain at the injection site and headache, but they were mild and transient, without need for special treatment.

　　最普遍的不良反应为注射部位疼痛以及头疼，且程度轻，具有一过性，无需专门治疗。

　　词汇讲解：

　　Transient表示“转瞬即逝的，短暂的，临时的”，比如：a transient workforce/worker（临时工），transient population（临时居住人口），transient beauty（转瞬即逝的美，昙花一现）；transient也可以直接用作名词，表示“临时工，临时居住人员”，比如：It's an organization set up to provide money and help for transients.（这是专门为临时工提供资金和援助的机构）。

　　The new study also noted that more research and data are needed to evaluate Sinopharm vaccines' efficacy in protecting pregnant women, people younger than 18, as well as high-risk groups including those with chronic diseases and the elderly.

　　结果指出，国药疫苗对孕妇、18岁以下青少年、慢性病患者以及老年人等高危人群的有效性还需进一步研究和数据支持。

　　Their efficacy in preventing severe cases and asymptomatic infections and the length of immunity also require further tests, it added.

　　防止重症和无症状感染的有效性，以及长期保护性也需要更多试验。

　　相关词汇：

　　药品和疫苗研发 drug and vaccine development

　　随机试验 random trial

　　双盲试验 double-blind trial

　　安慰剂对照试验 placebo-controlled trial

　　免疫系统 immune system

　　毒性试验 toxicology test

　　有效性和安全性研究 safety and efficacy research

　　参考来源：新华网、中国日报

（责任编辑：尚宏）