1. Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport，and the more difficult it is，the more highly it is regarded.
现代登山运动员总想找一条能够给他们带来运动乐趣的路线来攀登山峰。他们认为， 道路愈艰险愈带劲儿。
the more the more
The more people you know，the less time you have to see them.
你认识的人越多，见他们是时间就越少。
The more he earn，the more he want.
他赚钱越多越要钱。
the比较级，the比较级的情况经常使用，表示越……越……
2. In the pioneering days，however，this was not the case at all.
然而，在登山运动的初期，全然不是这种情况。
this was not the case 完全不是这么回事
not at all 一点也不，丝毫不
I am not at all satisfied with the surrounding here .
我点也不满意这儿的环境。
I was not at all pleased with the results.
我对结果觉得一点也不满意。
3. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature，equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought，but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.
确实，在探险中他们经常遇到惊心动魄的困难和危险，而他们装备之简陋足以使现代登山者一想起来就胆战心惊。
it形式主语：
作为形式主语的it并无实际语义，只是为满足语法上的需要，避免句子头重脚轻，它代替 的是句子的逻辑主语，概括起来会有如下情况：
（1）句子的逻辑主语为不定式
如：It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time.
It is my pleasure to address the meeting.
It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own.
（2）句子的逻辑主语为从句
如：It so happened that the tickets were sold out.
It is extremely obvious that she has been lying about her identity.
It suddenly occurred to me that the message must have been hidden
between the layers of the briefcase.
（3）句子的逻辑主语为动名词短语
这类句子远不如前面两种出现率高，主要在（no good, waste, useless, no use, dangerous）等词语的后面用
如：It is no use reasoning with him.
It is no good reading in dim light.
