托福独立写作素材——话题：性格品质

　　1. give up halfway = leave sth. unfinished 半途而废

　　People who give up halfway will end up with low self-esteem.

　　总是半途而废的人结果会变得很不自信。

　　Whenever you want to give up halfway, remember to keep calm and carry on.

　　每当你想要半途而废的时候，记得要冷静一下并坚持下去。

　　2. keep an outlook 持有某种人生观

　　Humor helps you keep an optimistic outlook through difficult situations.

　　幽默能让你在困境中也保持一种积极的人生观。

　　When people keep a positive outlook on life, their actions are more likely to produce good outcomes.

　　当人们拥有健康的人生观，他们的行动也容易产生好的结果。

　　3. go through = get through = put through 经受

　　endure stress/hardship/suffering 忍耐困苦

　　People who lack patience would find it hard to go through hard times in the process of task completion.

　　缺乏耐心的人经受不了任务完成过程中的困难。

　　I doubt that most people could ever endure the kind of physical stresses that professional athletes do.

　　我很怀疑大多数人都无法忍耐职业运动员经历过的身体磨练。

　　4. despite the odds 尽管有很多困难（= against all the odds）

　　Patience gives you the determination to stick to a goal despite the odds.

　　无论有多少困难，耐心都给你坚持到底的决心。

　　Somehow he pulled it off despite the odds.

　　虽然艰难困阻，但他还是成功了。

　　5. a must-have quality 一个必备的品质

　　The ability to tolerate delay without getting upset is a must-have quality that contributes to our greater sense of well-being.

　　耐心是让我们实现更好自己的必备品质。

　　Patience is a must-have quality that will pay off in the end.

　　耐心是一项必备品质，它能让你最后尝到甜头。

　　6. keep on going 持续坚持

　　follow through = stick it out = hold on to the end 坚持到底

　　Persistence is the mother of good luck. If you fail to follow through, you do not have what it takes to survive and thrive.

　　耐心是好运之母。如果你不坚持到底，那就不配笑傲江湖。

　　After a while you will get on the right track and success will be yours as long as you have the guts to keep on going.

　　不久你就能找到正确路径，如果你有胆量继续前行，成功就属于你。

　　7. stay positive 保持积极的心态

　　No one likes failure because it can be difficult to stay positive and see the bright side when you are being swarmed by hard times.

　　没人喜欢失败，因为当人身陷困境时，很难保持积极的心态去想事物的积极面。

　　It is important to stay positive in the mist of failure.

　　在失败中保持积极很重要。

　　8. bounce back 重新振作，回复活力

　　Those who can bounce back from failure have tougher personalities and stand a better chance of following through.

　　那些能够从失败中振作的人往往有更坚毅的个性而且更容易坚持到底。

　　Compared with the elderly, young people tend to bounce back more quickly from illnesses or depressions.

　　比起老年人，年轻人更容易从疾病或者抑郁中恢复。

　　9. move forward 进步，向前发展

　　If you want to move forward in your life, you have to let of the past.

　　如果你想要在生活上勇往直前，就要放手不去想过去。

　　People who hold themselves back from challenges can hardly move forward in their careers.

　　在挑战面前退缩的人很难在职业上走上坡路。

　　10. place blame on sb. 责怪某人

　　People who believe that admitting they were wrong show weakness or ineptness tend to place blame on others.

　　觉得承认错就市软弱无能的人往往喜欢去指责别人。

　　Leaders should take responsibilities where it is due, rather than place blame on others.

　　领导该负责的事情就要负责，而不是去指责他人。

　　11. erode one's credibility 损害信誉

　　If you believe in your vision, you need to fight the good fight because, if you do not, that will ultimately erode your credibility.

　　如果你相信自己的远见，那必须坚守信念，勇往直前，否则最终会损害自己的信誉。

　　Lying to one's face instantly erodes your credibility.

　　经常当着别人面撒谎只会损害你的信誉。

　　12. push one's boundary 挑战极限

　　I am a huge fan of running, because every time I run, it helps to push my boundaries and test my limits.

　　我是跑步爱好者，因为每次跑步时，它让我挑战自我并测试自己的极限。

　　When you take on the challenge, you are ready to push some boundaries.

　　当你接受那个挑战，你已经开始挑战极限。

　　13. get discouraged of 因为…灰心丧气

　　We should never get discouraged of such a minor setback.

　　我们绝不会因为这样一个小小的挫折就灰心丧气。

　　The biggest mistake entrepreneurs make is getting discouraged of the public response at first and forgetting the impact of time.

　　创业者容易犯的大错误就是因为公众的反应而感到受挫，他们忘了时间的力量。

　　14. put sth. To use = give sth. To full play 运用，施展

　　If you think you excel at something, be it sports, workouts, academics, music, or art, put it to good use by offering to take classes.

　　如果你觉得你在某方面很优秀，无论是运动，健身，学术，音乐还是艺术，通过代课可以把这些能力好好施展利用。

　　When the supervisor puts others' ideas or suggestions to use, a sense of belonging and trust will come into being.

　　当上级采纳别人的想法或者建议的时候，就会有一种归属感和信任感油然而生。

　　15. pay off 值得，得到好结果

　　You should get out of your shell and socialize. It may be hard at first, but will pay off in the long run.

　　你应该突破自己并且开始社交。刚开始可能很难，但会给你长久回报。

　　Taking some time to master a few money management skills will pay off for years to come.

　　花时间掌握理财技能将会在未来让你尝到甜头。

　　范文1

　　Agree or disagree:

　　Those who keep their room clean and tidy are more likely to be successful in the future.

　　Whether or not someone can be successful largely depends on the abilities and virtues that they have. Some people say that people who can keep their rooms tidy and clean have a better chance of (更有可能…)becoming successful. I agree with this idea for a few reasons.

　　To begin with, keeping rooms clean and tidy can help people foster patience. In order to keep a room tidy, a person must face many tasks, like sweeping the floor, cleaning windows, vacuuming the carpet and dusting furniture. All of these small jobs are time-consuming (耗时间的) and need to be done over and over in order to keep a room clean. Also, a person can easily miss things in the course of (在…的过程中)cleaning, such as a spot on the floor here or a piece of dirt on the corner of the window there. Even worse, your hard work can easily be undone by, say, a naughty pet going findings its way into a garbage can. After coping with all of these obstacles the room may finally be clean and tidy, yet what is more important is that the host has learned patience, which can help him succeed.

　　Moreover, keeping rooms clean and tidy could help people become better organized. Those who always keep their rooms neat are most likely to be better at space management, which is an important ingredient （条件，要素）in success. We all have friends or relatives whose rooms are in a state of utter disarray. My cousin John is a good example. When he was 12, he missed his school's opening ceremony for the new semester because he couldn't find his school uniform. When he in college, he went to an interview unshaved and in casual dress because he had misplaced his electric razor and forgotten to clean a soup stain off his suit. He did not get the job. He recently turned 35, yet he still works as an entry-level （初级的，入门级别的）employee in a small local company.

　　Thus, we can see that without the ability to stay organized, people are less likely to be successful.

　　Keeping rooms clean and tidy could help people become more independent. This is because a person who always has a neat room must plan their cleaning and try to figure out the problems they may encounter. For one thing, before starting to clean, people need to make a plan that indicates the order of the chores. For another thing, throughout the process of cleaning a room, people will need to tackle some problems by themselves. What material should be used in order to clean the windows more efficiently? How should the floor be swept in order to save time? How should the books on the bookshelf be ordered? By having to consider these issues, people can gradually develop their capacity for independence and increase their chances of becoming successful.

　　To sum up, keeping one's room tidy and clean will help people become more patient, well organized and independent. All of these qualities can greatly increase an ordinary person's potential for success.

　　16. talk sb. Into doing 说服某人做某事

　　talk sb. out of doing 说服某人不做某事

　　Good salesmen are good at talking people into buying things they don't really need.

　　好的售货员擅长说服人们买他们其实并不是很需要的东西。

　　People with a negative attitude always attempt to talk you out of pursing goals.

　　有消极态度的人总试图让你放弃追求理想。

　　17. against all odds 不计成败，即便面对重重困难

　　ü It is those that can look past setbacks and against all odds execute on their ideas that actually have a chance at succeeding.

　　正是那些甚是过去的失败并在重重困难面前实施自己想法的人才能有可能成功。

　　Myth and history are filled with stories of individuals who had struggled against all odds and obstacles and just kept after what they truly wanted until they reached their goals successfully.

　　不管是在神话故事还是在历史当中，到处可见这样的人物：他们坚持与重重困难抗争并努力追求自己的理想，不达目的决不罢休。

　　18. intangible qualities 无形的品质

　　Intangible qualities, such as leadership, sense of humor, or teamwork spirit, can be a strong competitive edge for the job seekers.

　　一些无形的素质，比如领导能力、幽默感、团队协作精神，会成为求职者的超强优势。

　　Some intangible qualities couldn't be expressed on a standard resume, because some entrepreneurs even had seemingly negative marks against them, such as dropping out of college or getting fired.

　　有些无形的品质是无法用标准简历来体现的，因为有些创业者甚至有些看似负面的记录，如大学辍学或者被开除。

　　intangible benefits 无形的好处

　　Sure, changing jobs frequently might reduce your chances of stability, but it also comes with intangible benefits like accumulating working experience and enlarging social circle.

　　当然，频繁换工作或许会让你的生活不那么稳定，但也有一些无形的好处，步入能积累工作经验还能扩大人脉。

　　19. seemingly impossible/undoable/unreachable 看似不可能的

　　People with charisma and courage are always the first to volunteer for the seeming undoable tasks.

　　有领导力和勇气的人总是第一个自告奋勇承担看似不可能完成的任务。

　　Don't chicken out in face of the seemingly unreachable goals. Things always get easier as long as you get your hands busy.

　　别在看似不能完成的目标面前退缩。只要你开始努力一切就会变得越来越简单。

　　20. pull sth. off 做成某事 （=manage to do）

　　People with patience would pull off the impossible in the end. Time brings out the best in them.

　　有耐心的人总是能最后让不可能的梦想成真。时间让他们活出自己最好的一面。

　　I guess he will pull off this deal because he is one of the "I won't take no for an answer" kind of people.

　　我猜他能谈成这笔买卖，因为他是那种不达目的决不罢休的人。

　　21. bring out the best in sb. 让某人显现出最好的一面

　　True A players thrive under pressure because it brings out the best in them.

　　真正的一流人才能在压力下生存，因为压力让他们展现出自己最好的一面。

　　By looking for the best in others, you indirectly bring out the best in yourself.

　　通过看到他人的优点，你将间接地展现最好的自己。

　　22. out of hand 不可收拾、无法控制

　　Before things get out of hand, power and initiative have to be distributed and people have to be trusted.

　　在事情不可收拾之前，要懂得分权并且信任下属。

　　You do not have to be a movie star, but if you have put on a few holiday pounds, take action now before things get further out of hand.

　　你未必要长得像电影明星一样光鲜亮丽，但如果你因为节假日的纵欲而变胖了，要在身材走样前采取行动。

　　23. take it too far 过分，有点过了头 （= get a little out of control = get out of hand 失控）

　　It's good to be polite and respectful, don't get me wrong, but etiquette seems to make some people take it too far.

　　礼貌和尊重是对的，但别理解错，有的人在理解上似乎过了头。

　　24. look up to 仰慕，尊敬

　　The followers will look up to a leader and they will be transformed by the example set by their actions, attitudes and behaviors.

　　追随者会仰慕领导者，按照他们的行为、态度和举止树立的榜样而改变自己。

　　25. look beyond 考虑…之外，透过…看更多

　　In their quest to find the best candidates, most organizations have now realized that they have to look beyond academic qualifications and experience.

　　为了找到最好的候选人，大部分公司现在意识到他们要考虑文凭和经验以外的东西。

　　We have to look beyond conventional wisdom and bring new perspectives to the table.

　　我们要超越传统理念，提出新的观点。

　　26. be bent on (usually something bad) 下决心（一般后接坏的事物）(= be determined to do sth.)

　　Businessmen who are solely bent on profit would opt to expand their business at the cost of environment.

　　唯利是图的商人会不惜牺牲环境来扩张他们的生意。

　　Young children who are bent on pranks are not necessarily bad; they are just being caught.

　　总爱搞恶作剧的小孩未必真的本性不良，他们只是淘气而已。

　　27. put heads together 集思广益

　　When people put heads together, the company can increase productivity and reduce outsourcing.

　　当员工集思广益的时候，公司就能提升创造力并且减少外包的需要。

　　Active employee commitment puts people's heads together and empowers them to contribute to the success of the company.

　　下属积极参与能让大家互通有无，授权给下属为公司的成功做出贡献。

　　28. resort to 诉诸

　　Most places have at least a few people who speak English in the tourist areas, otherwise you may have to resort to smiles and sign language if you don't know the language of the region.

　　大部分景点至少会有一些人说英语，否则如果你不懂当地语言，你可能要借助微笑和肢体语言。

　　Sadly, people tend to resort to medicine once they don't feel well.

　　可悲的是，人们感觉到自己不舒服时，就会诉诸药物。

　　29. expand skill sets 拓宽技能

　　The increase in responsibility expands employees' skill sets, preparing them for additional responsibility in the future.

　　责任的加大能让下属扩大自身技能范畴，为他们在未来承担更大责任做好准备。

　　When employees are asked to voice their opinions, they get to expand skill sets, like communication and analytical abilities.

　　当员工被邀请各抒己见的时候，他们就能拓宽自己的技能，比如沟通和分析能力。

　　30. sound judgment/decision 正确的决断力，明智的决定

　　Sound judgment in the face of change is critical.

　　变化来临时做出判断是很关键的。

　　Letting others participate allows the leader to make sound decisions, leverage strengths and deliver better results.

　　让他人参与能让领导做出更明智的决定，利用好优势并且产生更好的结果。

　　31. be driven to do 有动力做某事

　　An innovative company is driven to delight customers beyond their expectation and give investors and above-industry average return.

　　一个有创造力的公司会有很强的动力去超出客户期待并且让投资人获得高于业内均值的汇报。

　　A leadership gene refers to some people who are just driven to be in charge.

　　有领导基因指的是那些有动力要掌权的人。

　　范文2

　　Agree or disagree：

　　The most important quality for a politician or leader to have is good communication skills.

　　Leaders display an array of （一系列）personal traits that define who they are. Some may argue that a good communication skill is something to look for in an eligible candidate. I could not agree more.

　　First, communication skills help win popularity（受欢迎，收到青睐）. It could not be more obvious in political campaigns. You can see it on television how a candidate introduces himself to the voters at supermarkets, how they shake hands with people on the sidewalk or how they ask about prices in the gas station. People love to see their future leader go out of their way（不怕麻烦地, 竭力地） to talk, hearing their problems and showing support. For a taciturn（缄默的） candidate, it would be a long shot（可能性很低）. They would miss out on （错失）such opportunities to make themselves known by the public or relate to their needs(感知他们的需求). In this case, ineffective communication could cost （付出代价，失去）them popularity in the district, therefore losing potential votes. People with great communication skills, on the other hand, would stand a better chance of（有更大的机会…） winning. They tend to have better interpersonal relationships, which give them an exceptional edge in wining people over（win sb. over赢得某人）.

　　Second, communication skills can aid teamwork. People lead by having the charisma(领导力，魅力) to bond（沟通感情, 增进感情）and the capacity to delegate（分配工作）. If this person has no idea of how to give clear task descriptions or how to motivate others to contribute, there will be no positive results. Take student government for example. A lot of preparation work is required to organize a home coming party. The event venue has to be booked early; someone should be sent over to haggle（讨价还价） so that limited budgets could cover costs. Snacks and beverage should be put on the list, so someone has to be responsible for grocery shopping and food preparation. Plus, to notify people about the party, volunteers would be needed to hand out flyers in the hallway or post invitations on the bulletin board. No leader can be expected to handle all the work alone. The chairman has to be someone who can assign resources （分配资源）to each task and oversee the whole process（全程监督）. Without proper communication and clear instructions, some jobs will be left unattended（没人管）. Such leader cannot be excused for failure to manage his team.

　　Finally, communication skills can expand social circle. A real estate developer(房地产开发商) has to deal with government officials about the building sites and conservation policies（这里指建筑保护政策）. If he is an eloquent man, not only can he close the deal （成交）real soon, but he can also make some politically-connected （政界的）friends. This would not have been possible if he is unwilling to make phone calls first and take the initiatives （主动地）to communicate. It is especially true in countries like China. Table culture, which means doing business with dining and wining, entails (需要) good fellowship. If he has no interpersonal skills（人际交往的技能）, it is hard to imagine a banquet leading the business anywhere. Successful business leaders, however, have a circle of friends that reaches far and wide, which is usually attributed to（归因于…）their great social skills.

　　In a nutshell, communication skills allow people to become more popular, charismatic and well-connected, all of which are desirable attributes (特质；特性) for a leader.

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