1. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life.
deprive of 剥夺
例句：They deprived the criminal of his fights.
他们剥夺犯人的权力。
Don't deprive yourself of the foods you enjoy, just eat them in moderation.
不要剥夺你享受美食的权利，只要吃的适量就好。
2. The modern city consists of monstrous edifices and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds.
consist of 由……组成
例句：The House of Commons consisted of 658 members.
下议院由六百五十八名议员组成。
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so（以便）, that（以便）, so that（以便，为了）, in order that（为了，以便）；in case（以防，以免）, lest（免得，以防）, for fear that（以免，惟恐）等。从句中一般含有can, could, may, might, will, would等情态动词。如：
Bring it closer so (that) I can see it better.
拿近一点以便我看得更清楚。
Let’s take the front seats that we may see more clearly.
咱们坐前排，以便看得清楚点。
I left at 6:00 so that/in order that I could catch the train.
为了赶上火车，我六点就出门了。
I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget.
我要把你的电话号码写下，以免忘了。
Speak clearly so that they may understand you.
你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。
Take the raincoat in case it rains.
带着雨衣, 以防下雨。
Be careful lest you fall from that tree.
要当心, 以免从树上摔下来。
He walked fast for fear that he should be late.
他走得很快，以免迟到。
She dresses like that so that everyone will notice her.
她那样穿戴是为了引起人们的注意。
I have given him a key so that he can get into the house whenever he likes.
我给了他一把钥匙，以便他随时能进来。
So that I shouldn’t worry, he phoned me on arrival.
为了不让我担心，他一到就给我打了电话。
They risk their lives in order that we may live more safely.
他们冒了生死危险使我们生活得更安全。
注：当从句主语与主句主语相同时，可用不定式来表达相同的意思。如：
译：为了通过考试，他学习非常努力。
正：He studies very hard so that(=in order that) he can pass the exam.
正：He studies very hard so as to (=in order to) pass the exam.
