1. In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected.
influence upon 对……的影响，相当于inluence on，在这里是名词形式。如果用动态的词组，可以用have influence on sth.在这句话中，In the organization of industrial life是状语。后面一句话的主干是the influence has been completely neglected。
2. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost,in order that an inpidual or a group of inpiduals may earn as much money as possible.
be based on 以……为基础，以……为根据
例句：The stories of Robin Hood are based mainly on traditions.
罗宾汉的故事主要是根据传说写成的。
in order that 目的状语从句。如果不跟从句，可以用In order to，后面跟动词原形。
3. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the inpiduals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory.
giving any consideration to相当于从此consider，也可以用词组take sth into consideration，或take sth into account。
例句：Changes in land use might have to be taken into account.
土地使用的变化可能不得不给予考虑。
4. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants offices and apartments that please them.
depend on 依赖，依靠；取决于，随……而定
例句：His decision will depend on how much money we can raise.
他将根据我们能筹集到的款项的多少作出决定。
