雅思听力多选题难点分析

　　一般多选题分为5选2和7选3两种，极偶尔会有7选2这样的情况，2个或3个答案相互独立，且答案顺序不影响评分，即这2个或者3个答案并非算做同1题，不过，也极偶尔会出现2个或者3个选项只算1题的情况。在雅思听力评分中，3题的正确率就可以有0.5分的影响了，所以多选题也是我们每题必争的。下面对雅思听力多选题的解题难点和对策做详细的分析。

　　一、同义替换

　　同义替换是听力选择题的核心考点，多选题肯定也不例外，同义互换给考生造成的疑惑点也可想而知，如果没有听懂原文的意思，那么很难将原文相应内容与选项内容对应上，也就直接导致答案选不对甚至直接感觉答案都没在听力原文里出现过。多选题和单选题很像，同义替换的位置不仅会在选项上，同样也会在题干里面，而且同义替换的方式多变。

　　比如，剑桥4 Test2 Section3的第25, 26两题：

　　What TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss?

　　A. the data is sometimes invalid

　　B. Too few people may respond

　　C. It is less likely to reveal the unexpected

　　D. In can only be used with literate populations

　　E. There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaire

　　原文：

　　ROSA: No, I’m sure it talked drawbacks as well, didn’t it? Something about the response rate and the problems you get if it’s too low. (B)

　　MICK: Yeah, but we only need data from five subjects anyway.

　　ROSA: I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentioned was that questionnaire data tends not to reveal anything unexpected (C), because it is……

　　我们不难发现，问题当中的disadvantage这个词，换成了drawback, 还有选项B中的few替换成了too low。这些同义替换都是最基本的近义词、同义词间的互换。

　　而且这些同义替换都是常见的，重复出现的，所以难度不大。对于这样的题目或者说这样的同义替换，考生们肯定要在平时多积累常见的同义替换的单词、词组，多去延伸某一个单词的近义词、同义词。就拿上面那个例子当中disadvantage 和drawback的同义替换来说，在剑桥3、剑桥7、剑桥9当中出现了至少4次。

　　当然也有同义替换难度比较大的，比如：剑桥6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三题：

　　Which THREE of the following problems are mentioned in the connection with 20th century housing in the East End?

　　A. Unsympathetic landlords

　　B. Unclean water

　　C. Heating problems

　　D. High rents

　　E. Over crowing

　　F. Poor standards of building

　　G. Houses catching fire

　　答案C, E, F在文中对应的内容为：

　　Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built. (F)

　　Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. (C)

　　A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles. (E)

　　这样的同义替换是一种概括总结型的同义替换，这样的替换方式没有办法死记，因为每次替换的内容都可以不一样，不像近义词同义词的对等替换，概括总结型的同义替换是一种从属性质的替换，选项在意思上将原文内容意思高度概括，从而达到一种对应，这样的替换不仅要求考生听懂原文当中句子的意思，而且还要有同义互换的主动意识，也就是说要能够在听懂意思的基础上积极主动的去思考听懂的信息是否与某个选项匹配。否则，很多考生就会听懂原文意思，但没有反应过来听懂的意思可以和哪个选项对应。

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