1.Everyone should know where the nearest fire alarm box is located and where exits, fire escapes, and fire doors are.
结构:本句有三个谓语动词,其中主句的谓语动词为should know,其余两个都是由where引导的并列宾语从句。本句可以拆分为:
1)Everyone should know.
2)Where the nearest fire alarm box is located.
3)Where exits, fire escapes, and fire doors are.
翻译:每个人都应该知道最近的火灾报警箱的位置,以及安全出口、安全梯及防火门位于何处。
2.The way space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities is culturally influenced.
结构:本句有2个谓语动词,其中第二个is influenced是主句的谓语动词,主干是The way is culturally influenced。第一个is used是定语从句的谓语动词,但是该定语从句省略了引导词。定语从句中三个并列的不定式短语动词to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities共同作为is used的目的状语。本句可以拆分为:
1)The way is culturally influenced.
2)Space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities.
翻译:怎样利用空间来获得个人隐私、建造家园以及设计城市都会受到文化的影响。
3.I wanted her to know that my heart was with her, and that I thought England owed her a great debt and was going to miss her.
结构:本句有5个谓语动词,其中主句的谓语动词为wanted。was和thought分别属于两个由that引导的并列宾语从句。而owed和was going为两个并列的谓语动词,共同主语为England。England这句话前面为了避免重复而省略了宾语从句的引导词that,实际上是thought的宾语从句。本句可以拆分为:
1)I wanted her to know.
2)That my heart was with her.
3)That I thought.
4)(That)England owed her a great debt and was going to miss her.
翻译:我想让她知道我的心陪伴着她,而且我认为英国欠了她一大笔债,很快就会想念她。
4.Keeping your head, (instead of crowding and pushing to get to an exit), may make the difference between life and death when fire breaks out.
结构:本句有两个谓语动词,其中主句的谓语动词为may make,其主语是动名词短语keeping your head。breaks out是when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词。插入语(instead of…)中的crowding和pushing两个动名词是平行并列结构。本句可以拆分为:
1)Keeping your head may make the difference between life and death.
2)When fire breaks out.
翻译:当发生火灾时,保持头脑冷静,而不是向安全出口拥堵,能够带来生与死的不同结果。
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