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雅思语法:一般现在时

雅思语法:一般现在时

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  一般现在时态

  一般现在时通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。

  1.构成:

  一般现在时通常以动词原形构成。主语为第三人称单数时,一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。

  变化规则如下:

  (1)一般情况加-s,例如: work—works, come—comes, play—plays.

  (2)以s,x,sh,ch或o结尾的动词,加-es. 例如:pass—passes, wash—washes, watch—watches, box—boxes, go—goes.

  (3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es。例如:carry—carries, study—studies.

  (4)动词be的第一人称单数开式为am,第三人称单数为is;动词have的第三人称单数为has.

  2.动词一般现在时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式及回答:

  (1)动词be 肯定式:

  I am...,  You are…,  He is…,  She is…,  It is…,  We are…,  You are…,  They are…,

  否定式:

  I am not…, You are not…,He is not…, She is not…, It is not…, We are not…,  You are not…, They are not….

  疑问式和简略答语:

  Am I…? Yes, you are. No, you are not. Are you…? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Is he/she/it…? Yes, he/she/it is.  No, he/she/it isn't.  Are we…? Yes, we/you are. No, we/you aren't. Are you…? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.

  (2)动词work

  肯定式:I work. You work. He/She/It works. We /You/They work.

  否定式:I don't work. You don't work. He/She/It doesn't work We/You/They don't work.

  疑问式和简略答语:

  Do I work? Yes, you do. No, you don't. Do you work? Yes, I do. No, I don't. Does he/she/it work? Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it doesn't.  Do we work? Yes, you do. No, you don't. Do you work? Yes, we do. No, we don't. Do they work? Yes, they do. No, they don't.

  3.用法:

  (1)一般现在时动词表示现状、性质、状态和经常的或习惯性的动作或状态。例如: She is a student. 她是个学生。 He has a sister. 他有个姐姐。 It is fine today. 今天天气好。 You look well. 你气色好。  I am good at swimming. 我擅长游泳。 Uncle Wang knows a lot of English. 王叔叔英语懂得很多。

  (2)一般现在时动词常与 often, usually, always, sometimes, every day, once a  week, never, on Sundays 等频度副词和时间状语连用。例如:

  I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。 She usually comes to school by bus. 她通常乘公共汽车来学校。

  Do you write to your parents once a week? 你一周给你父母写一封信吗?  Sometimes, I go to see a film with my friends. 有时候我和朋友们去看电影。

  (3)一般现在时动词表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如: Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东边。 The moon goes around the earth.月球绕着地球转。

  (4)在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词表示一般将来时概念。例如:

  We'll go to the Great Wall if it is fine tomorrow. 如果明天天气好,我们就去长城。 I'll call you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就给你打电话。

  (5)在某些以here, there开头的句子中用一般现在时动词表示正在发生的动作。例如: There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Here they are. 他们来了。                   现在进行时  现在进行时表“正在”

  主语+be+现在分词 The students of Class Two are singing . 二班的学生正在唱歌。

  She is putting on a yellow sweater . 她正在穿一件黄毛衣。

  I am looking at the blackboard . 我正在看黑板。

  否定式:

  主语+be+not+现在分词

  如: They aren't playing basketball . 他们不在打篮球。

  She is not having breakfast . 她没在吃早饭。

  疑问句式:  Be+主语+现在分词+其他

  如: Are you doing your homework now ? 你正在做作业吗 ?

  Is Lily coming tomorrow ? 莉莉明天会来吗 ?

  肯定回答:Yes , 主语+be.否定回答No ,主语+be not.

  用法:

  (1)表示说话时在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。时间状语:now, look, listen,It's …o'clck,

  例如: He is watching TV now .  We are working on a farm these days .

  (2)时态构成:助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +现在分词

  (3)现在分词(doing)的构成:

  1)一般在动词原形末尾加 - ing . 例如:asking studying

  2)以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词,先去掉 e , 再加 - ing。例如:writing taking

  3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,再加 - ing . 例如:getting, sitting, beginning, running, putting

  (4) 现在分词的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词

  be ( is / am / are ) 上。

  现在进行时的肯定形式:

  I am working . They are writing . 现在进行时的否定形式:

  I am not working . They aren't writing . 一般疑问句及回答:

  Am I working ? Yes , you are . / No , you aren't .

  Are they writing ? Yes , they are . / No , they aren't . 特殊疑问句及回答:

  What are you doing ? We are working .

  Where is he playing basketball ?

  He is playing basketball on the playground .

  (5) 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如:see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态。

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